文摘
为了获得进一步洞察机制有关游泳的大量肺,肺功能测试的机械,包括肺扩张性(K)和弹性反冲,肺扩散能力,和呼吸口压力,加上人体测量数据(身高、体重、体表面积,胸部宽度、深度和面积),比较在八个精英男游泳运动员,八个精英男性长跑运动员和八个对照组。每组的培训资料的差异也被检查。没有明显受试者之间的高度差,但游泳比跑步者和控制,年轻游泳者和控制比跑步更重。所有培训的变量,只在公里平均总距离覆盖每周跑步者明显更大。是否基于:(一)青少年预测值;或(b)成年男性预测值,游泳者有显著增加肺活量((a) 145 + / - 22%,(意思是+ / - SD) (b) 128 + / - 15%);肺活量(()146 + / - 24%,(b) 124 + / - 15%);和吸气量((a) 155 + / - 33%, (b) 138 + / - 29%),但这不是发现在其他两组。游泳也有最大的胸部表面积和胸部宽度。一秒用力呼气量(FEV1)是最大的游泳者((b) 122 + / - 17%),残的比例用力肺活量(FEV1 / FVC) % 3组相似。 Pulmonary diffusing capacity (DLCO) was also highest in the swimmers (117 +/- 18%). All of the other indices of lung function, including pulmonary distensibility (K), elastic recoil and diffusion coefficient (KCO), were similar. These findings suggest that swimmers may have achieved greater lung volumes than either runners or control subjects, not because of greater inspiratory muscle strength, or differences in height, fat free mass, alveolar distensibility, age at start of training or sternal length or chest depth, but by developing physically wider chests, containing an increased number of alveoli, rather than alveoli of increased size. However, in this cross-sectional study, hereditary factors cannot be ruled out, although we believe them to be less likely.