TY -的T1 -鼻症状患病率和their relation to self-reported asthma and chronic bronchitis/emphysema JF - European Respiratory Journal JO - Eur Respir J SP - 596 LP - 603 VL - 17 IS - 4 AU - Montnémery, P. AU - Svensson, C. AU - Ädelroth, E. AU - Löfdahl, C-G. AU - Andersson, M. AU - Greiff, L. AU - Persson, C.G.A. Y1 - 2001/04/01 UR - //www.qdcxjkg.com/content/17/4/596.abstract N2 - Little information is available on associations between rhinitis and chronic bronchitis/emphysema (CBE). Self-reported upper airway symptoms, asthma, and CBE were examined in 12,079 adults living in southern Sweden. The response rate was 70% (n=8,469), of whom 33% reported significant nasal symptoms: a blocked nose was reported by 21%; sneezing by 18%; nasal discharge by 17%; and thick yellow nasal discharge by 5.7%. Nasal symptoms and combined nasal and self-reported bronchial disease were generally more common among smokers than nonsmokers. There was little overlap between asthma and CBE, but 46% of those with asthma and 40% of those with CBE had significant nasal symptoms. Best predicting factors (odds ratios >3) for asthma and CBE were nasal symptoms due to exposure to animals and damp/cold air, respectively. One-third of an adult, southern Swedish population, had significant allergic and/or nonallergic nasal symptoms. Nasal symptoms were frequently found to coexist with both asthma and chronic bronchitis/emphysema, suggesting that pan-airway engagement is common in both diseases. Differing associations between types of nasal symptoms and allergic and irritant triggers of nasal symptoms, with regard to asthma and chronic bronchitis/emphysema, emphasize the different natures of these bronchial diseases. This work was supported by the Swedish Medical Research Council, The Vårdal Foundation and Draco. ER -