TY - JOUR T1 -儿童哮喘的增加是否即将结束?从三个小学生的调查发现在罗马,意大利JF -欧洲呼吸杂志》乔和J SP - 881 LP - 886欧元六世- 17 - 5盟Ronchetti r . AU -别墅,议员AU - Barreto m .非盟轮值表,r . AU -帕加尼,J . AU - Martella s . AU - Falasca c . AU - Paggi b . AU -囊内,f . AU - Ciofetta,G. Y1 - 2001/05/01 UR - //www.qdcxjkg.com/content/17/5/881.abstract N2 -评估了罗马学龄儿童哮喘患病率、哮喘家族史和特应性疾病的时间趋势。研究人群包括在罗马两所小学就读的所有儿童(6-14岁)，这些地区位于社会经济条件和环境污染显著不同的城市地区。在1974年、1992年和1998年对2259、1229和1139名儿童进行了三次问卷调查。男性和女性哮喘患病率在1974-1992年期间显著增加，1992-1998年保持稳定。在随后4年出生的年龄组中，1962-1965年至1982-1985年出生的儿童的死亡率几乎呈线性增长(4.4%-12.5%)，而在1985年后出生的儿童则保持了显著的稳定。由于男性哮喘患病率的趋势比女性更大(约0.55%·年−1比0.25%·年−1)，男性:女性哮喘比例增加(1974年为1:38;1992年为1:84,1998年为1:62)。没有单一的环境因素，包括居住地区，似乎影响哮喘的流行。 Family history of asthma and atopy also increased steadily (0.72%·yr−1 and 0.30%·yr−1 respectively) more than doubling during the 24-yr study period. The strong relationship between asthma and a family history of atopy not only persisted but also strengthened over time (23.3% of asthmatic children belonged to families with atopic illnesses in 1974 but 44.2% in 1998). The environmental factors that might explain the almost three-fold rise in childhood asthma between 1974 and 1992 remain unknown but the genetic background of the disease has presumably remained unchanged since the early 1970s. The fact that the prevalence of asthma increased no further during the past 6 yrs suggests that the progressive induction of asthma symptoms in genetically predisposed subjects is a self-limiting process that has probably come to an end in the authors' study area. ER -