体外TY -的T1 - < em > < / em > l之间的协同作用inezolid and clarithromycin against Mycobacterium tuberculosis JF - European Respiratory Journal JO - Eur Respir J SP - 808 LP - 811 DO - 10.1183/09031936.00041314 VL - 44 IS - 3 AU - Bolhuis, Mathieu S. AU - van der Laan, Tridia AU - Kosterink, Jos G.W. AU - van der Werf, Tjip S. AU - van Soolingen, Dick AU - Alffenaar, Jan-Willem C. Y1 - 2014/09/01 UR - //www.qdcxjkg.com/content/44/3/808.abstract N2 - To the Editor:Approximately 3% of new tuberculosis cases worldwide represent multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) [1]. In these MDR-TB cases, resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to the otherwise effective rifampicin and isoniazid forces clinicians to diverge to other antimicrobial agents. Such treatment options include the World Health Organization (WHO) group 5 drugs linezolid and clarithromycin [1]. Linezolid shows excellent efficacy in the treatment of MDR-TB, but its use is often troubled by adverse events [2–4]. Linezolid has shown in vitro bacteriostatic activity against M. tuberculosis and is also effective at achieving culture conversion in drug-resistant cases [5]. In vitro testing revealed that clarithromycin is not very active against M. tuberculosis, as the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) are relatively high. Clinical efficacy seems questionable, as MICs, as reported in the literature, are significantly higher than achievable serum peak levels in vivo [6]. Conversely, clarithromycin reaches adequate local concentrations in alveolar cells and in epithelial lining fluid, where most mycobacteria reside [7], although lower clarithromycin MICs were observed by the Dutch National Mycobacteria Reference Laboratory (Bilthoven, the Netherlands; unpublished data).Due to the limited number of new treatment options, optimising existing treatment regimens is a conceivable option. Exploring synergy between tuberculosis drugs might help in improving treatment regimens. A study that investigated several antituberculous drugs, such as isoniazid, rifampicin and/or ethambutol, but not linezolid, revealed in vitro synergistic activity with clarithromycin against M. tuberculosis [8]. In this study, we aimed to investigate the possible in vitro synergy between linezolid and clarithromycin in M. tuberculosis isolates obtained from multidrug-resistant, monoresistant and drug-susceptible tuberculosis cases.We randomly selected a panel of 24 M. tuberculosis isolates from the strain … ER -